Blueberry Extract May Help Fight Gum Disease
Scientists have found that blueberry extract may help prevent plaque from forming. A report by the American Chemical Society (ACS) in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry may lead to new treatments for periodontitis and a reduction in antibiotic use.
Periodontal disease is a common disease in adults. Bacteria form biofilm, or plaque, on teeth, causing inflammation of the gums. Some serious symptoms, called periodontitis, require antibiotics. But now scientists have discovered that wild blueberry extract may help prevent plaque from forming. A report by the American Chemical Society (ACS) in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry may lead to new treatments for periodontitis and a reduction in antibiotic use.
Many people suffer from varying degrees of gingivitis, or plaque caused by gingivitis. The gums are inflamed and bleed easily. If left unchecked, the disease can develop into periodontitis. Plaque hardens to form calculus, and the infection can spread below the gum line, destroying the tissue that supports the teeth. To treat it, dentists scratch the tartar and sometimes have to resort to traditional antibiotics. But more recently, researchers have begun to look for natural antibacterial compounds to treat gum disease. Daniel Grenier and colleagues wanted to see if blueberry polyphenols could help fight the foodborne pathogen-resistant Fusobacterium nucleatum, which is associated with one of the main bacteria, periodontitis.
In the lab, the researchers tested a wild shrub blueberry extract - Vaccinium angustifolium Ait. Against F. nucleatum. Polyphenol-rich blueberry extract successfully inhibited the growth of C. nucleatum and its ability to form biofilms. It also blocks molecular pathways involved in the inflammatory response -- a key part of gum disease. Researchers say they are developing an oral formulation that can slowly release blueberries after deep cleaning of teeth to help treat periodontitis.
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